Sergei Sumlienny
is an unusual German expert. He was born and raised in Russia. He moved
to Germany and became a citizen due to his German ancestry. He gave up
his Russian passport.
He works in Berlin and heads the European Resilience Initiative Center.
Sergei unconditionally stands
with Ukraine and admits that he does not belong to the mainstream of
German experts who have not yet overcome their psychological bonds with
Russia. He does not doubt that Germany will make a decision eventually
and hand over tanks to Ukraine.
The most complicated issue
that the Germans have to overcome is that the murders, rapes, and other
war crimes in Ukraine support the vast majority of Russians. We met in
the EuroPravda studio in Kyiv, where Sumlienny stopped from Berlin to
Izium, where he delivered humanitarian aid.
Germany is definitely not
Ukraine's enemy. However, it is questionable in what spheres it is a
friend. It is interested in Ukraine's victory; in strong Ukraine, in
Ukraine, which is a European state integrated into the EU and NATO.
The problem is that Germany needs
to do more for this victory now. It does not understand what "bills" it
will get because this war lasted 1.5-2 years, and not 3-4 months, as it
could have with its sufficient assistance.
This is Germany's problem: loud statements and very slow action.
Olaf Scholz is not an
anti-Ukrainian politician. He is not an enemy of Ukraine. But in some
cases, not being an active friend is already wrong.
I'm sure they will hand over Leopard tanks.
Germany will deliver them to
Ukraine, but only following other states. For example, if the United
States hands over tanks, Germany will wait two weeks and do the same.
The real problem is not Scholz.
The problem is that his coalition partners let him do this. They need
more political experience and courage to stand up and say out loud that
Scholz is making a mistake.
German politicians are frightened
by the thought of Russia's defeat in the war because they cannot
comprehend it. "What will happen after?"
They cannot imagine Russia's
defeat, let alone a defeat that will end up with Russia's collapse.
Germans are scared even to think about it. So it is better not to think
about it.
The opposite outcome, like "reconciliation" with Russia, is welcome by many.
First, they cannot imagine how the
Ukrainian nation, which for many Germans "did not exist" until
recently, wins a war against a nuclear state.
Secondly, they cannot realise that
the crimes committed by the Russian military in Ukraine are actually
part of the Russian political worldview. They do not realise how much
Russians do support such actions.
It was easier for me to understand
the actions of Russians in Ukraine because I was born in Russia and
socialised there. I didn't doubt that Russia would attack Ukraine. I
understood that destroying Ukraine is a fundamental value of Russian
statehood.
In general, for a normal person,
and even more so for a German, it is terrifying to understand who the
Russians are as a political community.
Russian worldview is violence
which is a top of values. Not wealth, not health, not fun, but violence
itself is their basic value.
The history of Russia "taught"
Russians that power is useless, money is useless, life is useless. Today
you are Stalin's People's Commissar, and tomorrow you are "in the
basement." Today you are an oligarch, and tomorrow you drink polonium in
your tea.
That is why the cult of war,
disguised as the cult of victory, is so popular there. They honour
Victory Day not because they saved their country. The idea of victory
for the Russians is that "we destroyed everyone. Our tanks marched
across Europe." Russians also have a cult of sexualised violence,
including the "We Can Do It Again" car stickers, where two human figures
are depicted in a position that apparently implies violence and rape.
Victory for them is when you rape someone.
Likewise in the current war.
Ukrainians see victory when their
country is saved, and there are no more threats. Russians see victory
when they enter the city, burn everything, rape, and move on. Destroying
something is even better for them than stealing. They demonstrate their
power in such a way. "To steal" is not so relevant because today you
have it, and tomorrow someone will steal it from you.
Moreover, very educated Russians
fully share this concept of cannibalism - representatives of business,
science, and culture integrated into the Western world. They see nothing
wrong in destroying Mariupol or Kyiv, striking a nuclear attack on
Ukraine, in those created in Russia filtration camps, in torture...
But the Germans do not see this. They cannot imagine that this is possible.
The Germans cannot believe it is
about Russia's desire to physically destroy the Ukrainian nation and
turn those who remain alive into Russians.
Ukraine can join the EU but a lot depends on how this war ends.
If the war ends as a "frozen
conflict," when Russia still has ambitions for another offensive, then,
most likely, Ukraine will not join the EU.
But if Ukraine wins this war, in
this case, Ukraine's EU will be very interesting for the European Union
itself because Ukraine is a large country, which is better to have
inside the EU.
The Germans are absolutely not
ready for Russia's collapse, although it is very real nowadays. It was
the same situation when they were entirely unprepared for the USSR
collapse.
Even the expert community is not
ready to talk about it. They have admitted though, that Russia is an
enemy and that it is impossible to negotiate with. But they are not
ready to talk about Russia's defeat. Those who say that Putin will lose
the war and Russia will fall apart are again marginalised and called
radicals.
The German mainstream will understand the reality only when Russia starts falling apart.
There are several reasons for this attitude towards Russia.
First, Germany has a very romantic, fairy-tale image of Russia. They really believe that Russia is a "great country."
Secondly, the USSR was called
"Russia" in Germany and it got its consequences. This lasted for decades
and led to the Germans feeling guilt for WWII only for the Russians,
and not for other peoples of the former Union.
Any comparison of modern crimes
committed by Russia and Russians with the crimes of Nazi Germany
(Holocaust, war of extermination in the East, etc.) is unacceptable to
most Germans.
The German political
responsibility for WWII crimes was based, among other things, on the
idea of the Holocaust's uniqueness: they say that this crime is so
terrible that it is one of a kind in world history.
It leads to a shameful consequence
- some Germans have a certain pride, like, "we have committed the worst
crime in the history of mankind, and we are best repenting for it."
Many cling to this subconsciously. They want to keep this experience
private from Russia.
If it turns out that we are no longer "champions in repentance," then what should we be proud of?
Unlike post-war Germany, Russia will not be either occupied or integrated into world structures or save its institutions.
Post-war reconstruction is not
waiting for Russia. It will face disintegration and new identities.
Russians will try to distance themselves from their historical guilt.
Even though Putin radicalised Russians similarly to Hitler in the 1930s, the outcome will be different.